1054 Battle of Atapuerca: Leon-Castile defeats Navarre

1448 Battle of Caravaggio: Muzio Attendolo Sforza defeats the Venetians

1590 Giambattista Castagna elected Pope as Urban VII (15 Sep-27 Sep 1590)

1596 The Earl of Essex sacks Cadiz

1631 Imperial troops under Tilly take Leipzig

1644 Giambattista Pamfili elected Pope as Innocent X (1644-1655)

1694 Venetians capture Chios from the Turks

1776 British troops make an amphibious assault at Kip's Bay, New York (East River & 34th St)

1784 Vincente Lunardi, a young Neapolitan, makes the first manned balloon ascent in England, from the Artillery Ground at Moorfields

1821 Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, & El Salvador are declared independent of Mexico

1861 Skirmish at Pritchard's Mills, Va

1862 Antietam Campaign: Stonewall Jackson captures Harpers Ferry

1862 Antietam Campaign: US troops find Lee's GO No. 191, wrapping some cigars

1873 German occupation troops leave France, following the Franco-Prussian War

1894 Battle of Ping Yang: Japan defeats China

1914 Battle of the Aisne begins between Germans & French

1914 US forces evacuate Vera Cruz, Mexico

1916 Battle of the Somme: British send tanks into action for the first time

1918 Cpl Lee Duncan, US 135th Aero Sqn, finds some German shepherd pups in a bombed-out military kennel near Toul in France, one of whom becomes Rin Tin Tin

1923 Gov. John Walton places Oklahoma under martial law to cope with KKK terrorism

1926 Mussolini survives an assassination attempt but is wounded in the nose

1931 British naval mutinies at Invergordon over pay cuts

1935 Nuremberg Laws deprive German Jews of citizenship

1938 Br PM Neville Chamberlain visits Hitler at Berchtesgaden

1940 Battle of Britain: The Luftwaffe loses 185 aircraft

1940 Hitler cancels Operation Sea Lion, about a week before the expected D-Day

1941 Nazis kill 800 Jewish women at Shkudvil, Lithuania

1942 Unarmed windjammer 'Edlu II' forces a U-boat to submerge off Montauk Point

1942 US carrier 'Wasp' (CV-7) torpedoed and sunk off Guadalcanal

1943 Germans open camps at Chew, Lithuania, & Varvara, Estonia

1943 Japanese sub 'Ro-101' is sunk by US DD 'Saufley' & two aircraft.

1944 Marines land on Peleliu, 450 miles east of Mindanao in the Philippines

1944 RAF hits the German BB 'Tirpitz' with Tallboy bombs

1944 Sofia liberated by Bulgarian and Soviet troops

1948 F-86 Sabre sets world aircraft speech record of 1080 kph

1950 Inchon Landing: Marines lead the attack behind North Korean lines.

1959 Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev begins a 13-day tour of the US

1963 White supremacists bomb the 16th St. Baptist Church, in Birmingham, 4 children die

1990 France announces it will send 4,000 troops to the Persian Gulf