415 BC Desecration of the Herms at Athens

334 BC Battle of the Granicus: Alexander defeats the Persians

871 Battle of Basing: The Danes defeat Ethelred I of Wessex

1176 Attempted assassination of Saladin at Aleppo

1200 Treaty of Le Goulet: between King John of England and Philip of France

1276 Pierre de Tarentaise elected Pope as Innocent V, later beatified (Jan 21-June 22, 1276)

1370 Jews are expelled from Brussels

1371 Coronation of King Robert II Stuart of Scots (1371-1390)

1455 First Battle of St. Albans: The Yorkists defeat the Lancastrians

1499 Battle of Calven Gorge: The Swiss defeat the Hapsburgs

1511 The French capture Bologna

1526 War of the League of Cognac/Fifth Italian War: Francis I breaks his word & resumes war against Spain for control of Italy, helped by the Pope & England

1760 Battle of Wandewash, India: British defeat the French

1771 Spain cedes the Falkland Islands to Britain

1790 Russians blockade the Swedish fleet in Viborg harbor (Swedes break out July 3)

1794 Battle of Tournai: Austro-Dutch defeat the French

1809 Battle of Aspern-Essling, Day 1: Napoleon v. the Austrians

1848 Battle of the Ponte di Caffaro: Italian Nationalists defeat the Austrians

1848 Second Battle of Vicenza: Veneto-Papal forces defeat the Austrians

1856 Slavocrat Rep. Preston Brooks brutally beats Sen. Charles Sumner in the Senate

1872 U.S. Grant signs the amnesty act, restoring full civil rights to most former Confederates

1890 José Marti forms nationalist La Liga Cubana, in NYC

1915 Gretna, Scotland: Local train collides with a trooper, 226 die

1941 British troops take Baghdad, deposing pro-Nazi Iraqi regime

1942 Mexico declares war on Nazi Germany and Japan

1942 Ted Williams enlists in the US Marine Corps

1943 Stalin disbands the Comintern

1947 "Truman Doctrine" goes into effect, aiding Turkey & Greece

1959 Benjamin O Davis Jr. (USMA '36) becomes the first black U.S. major general

1962 Robert A Rushworth, USAF major, takes X-15 to 30, 600m

1967 Egyptian president Nasser closes Straits of Tiran to Israel

1968 The USS 'Scorpion' (SSN-589) sinks in the Atlantic, 99 die.

1969 Stafford & Cernan pilot Apollo 10 LEM 9.4 mi (15km) above the lunar surface

1970 A Palestinian terrorist attacks school bus in Israel; 9 children, 3 adults die

1985 US sailor Michael L Walker arrested for spying for USSR

1992 India launches its Agni rocket